World History Chapter 2 Cornell Notes free essay sample

Cornell Note Taking Template Key Words: Notes: Nile riverLongest river in world. Supplied life-giving water for the Egyptians civilization. Had an annual cycle of moth long flooding. Hard for farmers but then solved by irrigation and pre- harvesting. Steps toward civilization. Hunter-gatherer groups moved in and formed farming settlements. Neolithic culture developed in 6000 BC Mined to make jewelry Discovered how to make bronze and glaze pottery. 3000 BC develops hieroglyphics 1798 AD French army invades and decodes hieroglyphics. Menes, king of upper Egypt , founded a dynasty Old kingdom2680 BC -2180 BC had social status: upper class/ lower class Middle kingdom2050 BC-1650 BC foreigners (Hyskos) arrived introducing chariots, and bows. Manetho states eastern people invaded Egypt , destroyed cities, murdered Egyptians, and enslaved women and children. Some historians disagree. The Hyskos ruled lower Egypt for 100+ years. New kingdom1570 BC-1080 BC Pharaohs had power again, created an empire One pharaoh was a woman who ruled with her stepson. We will write a custom essay sample on World History Chapter 2 Cornell Notes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another named Amenhotep IV tried to bring religious changed and told veryone to believe in monotheism. Rule of Egypt came to end by 300s BC when Assyrians, Nubians, and Persians attacked. Cornell Note Taking Template Key Words: Notes: Architecture and art of Egyptians built pyramids, statues, buildings, and tools. egyptThey built the Great Sphinx. Decorated buildings with paintings. Science, math, and medicineDeveloped calendars based on stars. Used a number system of one to ten. Used fractions and whole numbers. Used geometry to build pyramids. Treated illnesses Preserved bodies after death Used herbs, medicine, and â€Å"magic spells. † Education and religionDeveloped an educational system with scribes Amon= the creator Osiris =afterlife Isis= Osiris wife and goddess of the royal throne. People believed the heart would tell whether you were a good or bad person, and that in order to have an afterlife you needed to be mummified. Society and economyWomen were equal to men Peasants did most of the farming (wheat, barley, flax, cotton, etc) They could keep some of their materials, but the rest went to the pharaoh. Since the peasants grew more than what was needed the Egyptians traded ith other parts of Africa and Asia. Cornell Note Taking Template Key Words: Notes: Southwest AsiaTwo major rivers called Tigris and Euphrates. They overflow often, but carry rich soil. Neolithic people called Sumerians settled in the Tigris and Euphrates area and grew crops. Sumerian technologyEgyptians used hieroglyphics. Sumerians used cuneiform, symbols pressed and archectureonto cla y tablets with a wedge shaped tool called a stylus. Built arches when making buildings Temples called ziggurats looked like a wedding cake, were about 150’ and the top served as a shrine to a Sumerian god. Inventionsinvented system of time based on 60. (60 minutes, 60 seconds, 360* had social status (high class, middle class, low class. ) Farminggrew grains, flax, and vegetables and domesticated animals grew enough food for trade Education and religionOnly upper class and boys went to school. Girls weren’t equal to boys. students learned how to write spell, and draw. Believed in many gods Did not believe in afterlife. Cornell Note Taking Template Key Words: Notes: The AkkadiansConquered the Sumerians in 2330 BC Spoke language similar to Hebrew. Sargon was their king. Akkadian empire lasted 150 years Invaders called the Babylonians came. The BabyloniansIn 1792 BC Hammurabi came to power. He ruled most of the Tigris- Euphrates valley. Made 282 laws Punishment varied according to statud\s Punishment varied according to status. Culture resembled the Sumerians. Women had a few rights but were not totally equal with men. Did not believe in afterlife. Believed that priest could tell the future. The HittitesInvaded the Tigris-Euphrates Valley sometime in 1600s BC Their laws were their greatest achievement. For them, only major crimes received the death penalty, and regular crimes called for a person to pay a fine. The AssyriansFierce warriors- used chariots in battle and were the first to use men on horseback. Used terror to control enemies, and enslaved people 700 BC they capture Babylon, and destroy it. The ChaldeansTook control of Assyrian territory in 612 BC assyrian territ King Nebuchadnezzar governed and rebuilt Babylon. Were skilled astronomers, found out length of a year could predict eclipses 9calculated the length of a year Nebuchadnezzar dies and in 30 years the Chaldean empire falls. The PersiansConquered Babylon in 539 BC Treated their people fair, collected taxes, allowed for different religions Started believing in Zoroastrianism . Finally Persia was conquered by Greece but later regained their power and lived by their old traditions greece but then regained their power and Cornell Note Taking Template Key Words: Notes: The PhoeniciansGreatest traders in the ancient world. Highly skilled sailors. Natural resource= lumber Established what is now Spain Skilled workers in metal, gold, and silver Made beautiful glass objects. Developed and traded purple dye. Exported dried fish, linen, olive oil, and wine. They made the original version of our alphabet. Believed in afterlife and had many gods who they made sacrifices for. Did not create an empire The LydiansFirst people to use coined money Kidney-bean-shaped pieces of gold and silver Passed on the concept to the Greeks and Persians who later passed it on to other parts of the world Did not create an empire Cornell Note Taking Template Key Words: Notes: The HebrewsThe ancestors of modern Jews. Influenced the history of the world. The founder of the Hebrew people was Abraham. He lived in Sumer and led his people through the desert to Canaan. The Exodus the ancestors of Abraham left Canaan and traveled to Egypt where they were taken over for 400 years were slaves for 400 years and suffered greatly. Led out of slavery by Moses. The ten commandmentsMoral laws that the Hebrew god, Yahweh, revealed to Moses. If you agreed to follow the rules you enter into a covenant with Yahweh. They had prophets and judges to maintain peace. The Founding of Israel Philistines and Canaanites resisted the Hebrews and defended their lands for over 200 years. The Hebrews first conquered the Canaanites, and was never able to fully conquer the Philistines. The first king of the 12 tribes was Saul. Then came David who made ‘Jeruselum Jerusalem the capital of Israel and a religious center. David’s son Solomon brought peace and wealth to Israel. He wanted to befriend other er befriend other regions. He married a pharaoh’s daughter. This brought trade. He used these riches to build a temple to God trade. With these riches he built a temple to God. They were invaded by the Assyrians and the Chaldeans and their temple was d destroyed. Persians took over Chaldeans and let the Jews return to their homeland. The Jews rebuilt their temple in Jerusalem. Laws, ethics, and religion Believed that all people deserved kindness and respect. Death sentence for severe crimes like adultery, kidnapping, treason, and sacrifices to idols sacrifices to idols Yahweh was their only god. They believed he gave them a choice between good and evil. They originally feared him but later learned to serve him out of love.